{"id":7267,"date":"2025-01-15T21:34:09","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T21:34:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/?p=7267"},"modified":"2025-01-15T21:34:09","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T21:34:09","slug":"top-5-essential-clean-up-utilities-to-use-for-your-spring-cleaning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/top-5-essential-clean-up-utilities-to-use-for-your-spring-cleaning\/","title":{"rendered":"5 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u00faklidov\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt pro jarn\u00ed \u00faklid"},"content":{"rendered":"

Doch\u00e1z\u00ed va\u0161emu syst\u00e9mu Ubuntu m\u00edsto na disku? Nebojte se! Pomoc\u00ed n\u011bkolika jednoduch\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f m\u016f\u017eete rychle naj\u00edt a odstranit nepot\u0159ebn\u00e9 instala\u010dn\u00ed soubory, \u010d\u00edm\u017e uvoln\u00edte cenn\u00e9 m\u00edsto na pevn\u00e9m disku.<\/p>\n

Pochopen\u00ed Spr\u00e1vce bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f apt<\/h2>\n

Neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k instalaci softwaru do syst\u00e9mu Ubuntu Linux. I kdy\u017e se m\u016f\u017eete rozhodnout pro p\u0159\u00edkazy apt a apt-get, k dispozici jsou tak\u00e9 alternativy jako Snaps a Flatpaks.<\/p>\n

Apt (Advanced Package Tool)<\/strong> nab\u00edz\u00ed oproti tradi\u010dn\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edkazu zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed apt-get<\/code>. P\u0159esto\u017ee apt poskytuje lep\u0161\u00ed pou\u017eitelnost a bohat\u0161\u00ed funkce, nezahrnuje celou \u0161k\u00e1lu funkc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 apt-get nab\u00edz\u00ed. Tyto p\u0159\u00edkazy se bezprobl\u00e9mov\u011b propojuj\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edkazy ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b dpkg<\/code>a jsou z\u00e1kladem instalace aplikac\u00ed na syst\u00e9mech zalo\u017een\u00fdch na Debianu, v\u010detn\u011b Ubuntu.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e nainstalujete bal\u00ed\u010dek p\u0159es apt, st\u00e1hne se odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed soubor DEB a rozbal\u00ed se do po\u017eadovan\u00fdch um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed soubor\u016f. Tento soubor DEB z\u016fstane ulo\u017een ve va\u0161em syst\u00e9mu, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje rychlou p\u0159einstalaci nebo opravu. \u010casem to v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke zna\u010dn\u00e9mu vyu\u017eit\u00ed m\u00edsta na disku, zejm\u00e9na pokud je v\u00e1\u0161 opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m nastaven na samostatn\u00e9m odd\u00edlu nebo pokud pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te mal\u00fd pevn\u00fd disk.<\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco p\u0159i odinstalov\u00e1n\u00ed aplikace pomoc\u00ed apt se obvykle zachovaj\u00ed jej\u00ed konfigura\u010dn\u00ed soubory, u n\u011bkter\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete d\u00e1t p\u0159ednost \u010dist\u00e9mu stolu. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed sada apt nab\u00edz\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edkazy, kter\u00e9 tyto pot\u0159eby uspokoj\u00ed!<\/p>\n

Jak odinstalovat aplikace<\/h2>\n

Chcete-li odebrat nainstalovanou aplikaci ze syst\u00e9mu, pou\u017eijte p\u0159\u00edkaz apt sp\u00e1rovan\u00fd s mo\u017enost\u00ed odebrat<\/strong> :<\/p>\n

sudo apt remove sqlite3<\/code><\/p>\n

\"Odebr\u00e1n\u00ed<\/figure>\n

Tento p\u0159\u00edkaz odinstaluje aplikaci, ale zachov\u00e1 konfigura\u010dn\u00ed soubory nedot\u010den\u00e9 spolu se souborem DEB v adres\u00e1\u0159i archives. Poj\u010fme zkontrolovat, co existuje v \/var\/cache\/apt\/archives<\/code>:<\/p>\n

ls \/var\/cache\/apt\/archives\/<\/code><\/p>\n

\"Soubor<\/figure>\n

Jak je zn\u00e1zorn\u011bno, odinstalovan\u00e9 aplikace za sebou st\u00e1le zanech\u00e1vaj\u00ed zbytky ve form\u011b soubor\u016f DEB. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete tyto zbytky odstranit, ani\u017e byste museli nejprve odinstalovat aplikace. Pochopen\u00ed toho je kl\u00ed\u010dem k udr\u017een\u00ed po\u0159\u00e1dku v syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed instala\u010dn\u00edch soubor\u016f<\/h2>\n

Chcete-li se zbavit zbyl\u00fdch soubor\u016f DEB, spus\u0165te p\u0159\u00edkaz clean<\/strong> :<\/p>\n

sudo apt clean<\/code><\/p>\n

\"Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/figure>\n

Tato akce vyma\u017ee nashrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 soubory DEB z adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f \/var\/cache\/apt\/archives<\/code>a \/var\/cache\/apt\/archives\/partial<\/code>. Po vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zkontrolujeme adres\u00e1\u0159 archiv\u016f:<\/p>\n

ls \/var\/cache\/apt\/archives\/<\/code><\/p>\n

\"Pr\u00e1zdn\u00fd<\/figure>\n

V\u00e1\u0161 adres\u00e1\u0159 archiv\u016f je nyn\u00ed pr\u00e1zdn\u00fd, co\u017e v\u00e1m poskytuje okam\u017eitou \u00falevu od nepo\u0159\u00e1dku! V\u0161imn\u011bte si, \u017ee z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 soubory metadat, kter\u00e9 jsou \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro provoz syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Odstran\u011bn\u00ed nahrazen\u00fdch soubor\u016f pomoc\u00ed Autoclean<\/h2>\n

P\u0159\u00edkaz autoclean<\/strong> je \u010dasto \u0161patn\u011b pochopen. Stejn\u011b jako \u010dist\u00e9 odstra\u0148uje soubory DEB, ale pouze ty, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e nejsou k dispozici ke sta\u017een\u00ed. Zde je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d na tom z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed:<\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy existuje nov\u00e1 verze aplikace, ji\u017e nebude nutn\u00e9 archivovan\u00e9, zastaral\u00e9 DEB. Autoclean zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 syst\u00e9m z\u016fstane bez zastaral\u00fdch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f bez ob\u011btov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k soubor\u016fm nezbytn\u00fdm pro instalace.<\/p>\n

\u010ci\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed aplikac\u00ed a jejich konfigura\u010dn\u00edch soubor\u016f<\/h2>\n

P\u0159\u00edkaz purge<\/strong> nab\u00edz\u00ed d\u016fkladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost odinstalace:<\/p>\n

sudo apt purge sqlite3<\/code><\/p>\n

\"\u010ci\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/figure>\n

Tento p\u0159\u00edkaz nejen odinstaluje aplikaci, ale tak\u00e9 odstran\u00ed v\u0161echny souvisej\u00edc\u00ed konfigura\u010dn\u00ed soubory. Pokud \u0159e\u0161\u00edte probl\u00e9my nebo d\u00e1v\u00e1te p\u0159ednost \u010dist\u00e9 instalaci, je \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed spr\u00e1vnou cestou. Nav\u00edc m\u016f\u017eete v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby spustit apt purge na p\u0159edem odstran\u011bn\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zajist\u00edte, \u017ee nez\u016fstanou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zbytky.<\/p>\n

Spr\u00e1va osi\u0159el\u00fdch z\u00e1vislost\u00ed<\/h2>\n

Odinstalov\u00e1n\u00ed aplikac\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee \u010dasto zanechat nepou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 knihovny a z\u00e1vislosti. Tyto osi\u0159el\u00e9 bal\u00ed\u010dky se mohou hromadit a vytv\u00e1\u0159et zbyte\u010dn\u00fd nepo\u0159\u00e1dek. Chcete-li se zbavit nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdch soubor\u016f, pou\u017eijte p\u0159\u00edkaz autoremove :<\/strong><\/p>\n

sudo apt autoremove<\/code><\/p>\n

\"Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm<\/figure>\n

Zde je nutn\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de; autoremove m\u016f\u017ee odstranit knihovny po\u017eadovan\u00e9 jin\u00fdmi aplikacemi, co\u017e vede k probl\u00e9m\u016fm s funk\u010dnost\u00ed. V\u017edy zkontrolujte seznam soubor\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed b\u00fdt odstran\u011bny, a potvr\u010fte, \u017ee jsou skute\u010dn\u011b zbyte\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Optimalizujte sv\u016fj syst\u00e9mov\u00fd prostor<\/h2>\n

Pravideln\u00fdm \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f a instala\u010dn\u00edch soubor\u016f zajist\u00edte, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 syst\u00e9m Ubuntu z\u016fstane efektivn\u00ed a optimalizovan\u00fd. To by m\u011blo b\u00fdt z\u00e1kladn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed rutiny \u00fadr\u017eby syst\u00e9mu, uvol\u0148ovat m\u00edsto na pevn\u00e9m disku pro nov\u00e9 instalace a zvy\u0161ovat celkov\u00fd v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n

\"Manu\u00e1lov\u00e1<\/figure>\n

\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n

1. Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi ‘remove’ a ‘purge’ v p\u0159\u00edkazech apt?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

P\u0159\u00edkaz ‘remove’ odinstaluje bal\u00ed\u010dek, ale zachov\u00e1 jeho konfigura\u010dn\u00ed soubory. P\u0159\u00edkaz ‘purge’ v\u0161ak zcela odstran\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek spolu se v\u0161emi jeho konfigura\u010dn\u00edmi soubory.<\/p>\n

2. Jak funguje funkce automatick\u00e9ho odstran\u011bn\u00ed?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

P\u0159\u00edkaz ‘autoremove’ vy\u010dist\u00ed osi\u0159el\u00e9 bal\u00ed\u010dky, kter\u00e9 byly nainstalov\u00e1ny jako z\u00e1visl\u00e9, ale ji\u017e nejsou pot\u0159eba, co\u017e pom\u00e1h\u00e1 uvolnit m\u00edsto na disku.<\/p>\n

3. Je nutn\u00e9 pravideln\u011b spou\u0161t\u011bt p\u0159\u00edkaz clean?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ano, pravideln\u00e9 spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu clean m\u016f\u017ee pomoci zachovat m\u00edsto na disku a v\u00fdkon syst\u00e9mu odstran\u011bn\u00edm nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdch soubor\u016f DEB.<\/p>\n

Zdroj a obr\u00e1zky<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Doch\u00e1z\u00ed va\u0161emu syst\u00e9mu Ubuntu m\u00edsto na disku? Nebojte se! Pomoc\u00ed n\u011bkolika jednoduch\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f m\u016f\u017eete rychle naj\u00edt a odstranit nepot\u0159ebn\u00e9 instala\u010dn\u00ed soubory, \u010d\u00edm\u017e uvoln\u00edte cenn\u00e9 m\u00edsto na pevn\u00e9m disku. Pochopen\u00ed Spr\u00e1vce bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f apt Neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k instalaci softwaru do syst\u00e9mu Ubuntu Linux. I kdy\u017e se m\u016f\u017eete rozhodnout pro p\u0159\u00edkazy apt a apt-get, k dispozici […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[204,901,5],"class_list":["post-7267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-how-to","tag-linux","tag-linux-macos-terminal","tag-windows"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7267"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7268,"href":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7267\/revisions\/7268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/howtogeek.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}